CNC Press Brake Axis Explained
一,Introduction
CNC press brake is a kind of press brake controlled by computer numerical control system. In the field of manufacturing and industrial processes, CNC press brakes play a vital role in the precision forming and molding of metal workpieces. One of the key components of the CNC press brake is the brake shaft, which is responsible for controlling the bending movement and ensuring the accuracy of the bending process. The bending accuracy and bending amount are related to synchronous system, hydraulic system and back gauge. The function of these components is affected by the number of brake shafts of the CNC press. In this article, we will combine the selection and configuration of these shafts, introduce how to operate CNC press brakes more effectively, and explore the importance of brake shafts and rear stoppers in CNC press brakes.
二,What Are the Axes on the Press Brake?
CNC press brake is a kind of mechanical equipment widely used in the field of metal processing, it can complete the bending of metal sheet by controlling the movement of each axis. These shafts are crucial components in CNC press brakes, and their number and function also affect the performance and processing effect of the machine.
CNC press brakes usually include multiple axes such as Y axis, X axis, R axis and Z axis, which are each responsible for different actions and functions. Among them, the Y axis mainly controls the up and down stroke, the X axis is responsible for controlling the left and right movement, the R axis is used to control the depth of the mold, and the Z axis is used to control the translation of the mold. The coordinated movement of these axes enables the precise bending of the sheet metal to meet the machining needs of different shapes and sizes.
The shaft of the CNC press brake also has the characteristics of high precision and high speed, which can effectively improve processing efficiency and product quality. By precisely controlling the movement distance and speed of each axis, the precise positioning and bending of the metal sheet can be achieved to avoid bad processing and waste caused by errors. At the same time, the high-speed axis movement can also speed up the production rhythm and improve production efficiency.
The shaft of the CNC press brake is also flexible and programmable, and can be adjusted and optimized according to the processing needs. The operator can set and adjust the motion parameters of each shaft through the numerical control system to achieve bending processing of different shapes and angles. This flexibility and programmability allows CNC press brakes to be adapted to different machining tasks, enabling customized production and efficient machining.
In general, the shaft of the CNC press brake is one of its core components, which directly affects the performance and processing effect of the machine. Understanding the function and characteristics of the shaft of the CNC press brake is helpful to improve the processing quality and production efficiency, and achieve innovation and development in the field of metal processing.
三,What Is Back Gauge on the Press Brake?
The back stop of CNC press brakes plays a crucial role in the accuracy and efficiency of metal bending operations. As an important part of the machine, the back stop is responsible for accurately and consistently positioning the workpiece, ensuring that each bend meets the required specifications.
The back stop of a CNC press brake is a movable device used to position the workpiece for bending. It consists of a series of fingers or stops that can be adjusted to suit different workpiece sizes and bending angles. The rear stopper is controlled by a CNC system, enabling accurate and repeatable positioning of the workpiece. By precisely positioning the workpiece, the rear stopper ensures that each bend is made at the desired position and Angle, resulting in a high-quality finished part.
Modern CNC press brakes are equipped with an advanced rear stop system that offers a range of features to increase productivity and accuracy. These features may include automatic tool changing, anti-collision sensors and programmable positioning. Some backstops are equipped with multi-axis controls that allow for complex bending sequences and forming operations. In addition, advanced rear stop systems may have built-in measuring equipment to monitor and adjust the bending Angle in real time, ensuring accurate and consistent results.
The back stop is a key component of CNC press brakes because it directly affects the accuracy, efficiency and quality of metal bending operations. By precisely positioning the workpiece, the rear stopper ensures that each bend is made at the correct position and Angle, reducing the risk of errors and rework. This increases productivity and saves costs for metal manufacturing companies. In addition, the rear stopper allows for easy programming and execution of complex bending sequences, allowing for the production of a wider range of parts with high precision.
四,Relationship Between Back Gauge and Axis
The brake back gauge of the press is closely related to the brake shaft of the press, which ensures the accuracy and precision of the bending operation. The brake shaft of the press refers to the different movement axes inside the brake of the press, such as the X axis, Y axis, Z axis and R axis. These axes control the position of the bending knife and the movement of the sheet during bending. On the other hand, the position and height of the rear gauge can be controlled by adjusting the dynamic shaft of the pressure mechanism. By controlling the position of Y axis and X axis, the rear gauge is aligned with the piece, so as to ensure the accuracy and consistency of bending. At present, the back gauge and press brake are usually integrated controlled by numerical control system. This integration allows for automatic positioning and precise control between the press brake shaft and rear gauge, enabling an efficient and precise bending process.
五, Main Groups of Controlled Axis
The press brake control shaft is one of the key components, which is mainly responsible for controlling the operation of the machine and the bending of the metal sheet. The control shaft is usually composed of several parts, including motion controllers, encoders, motors and sensors. These components work together to ensure the normal operation of the machine and the bending of the sheet metal according to the preset parameters.
The motion controller is the core component of the control shaft and is responsible for controlling the movement and position of the machine. It can receive the instructions input by the user and convert them into the corresponding electrical signals to drive the motor to make the machine run. Encoders are used to detect the actual position of the control shaft to ensure that the sheet metal can be bent accurately. The motor acts as the power source of the control shaft, providing the necessary power to drive the entire machine. Sensors are used to monitor the position and shape of the sheet metal to ensure the accuracy and stability of the bending process.
六,Axes on the Back Gauge
The shaft on the back block of the press brake is an essential component and plays a vital role in the accuracy and precision of the bending process. This shaft is responsible for securing and positioning the bent material in place, ensuring that the desired Angle and dimensions are achieved. If there is no working shaft on the back stop, the material may not hold firmly in place during bending, resulting in an inaccurate and inconsistent end product.
The design and structure of the shaft on the back block of the press brake must be carefully designed to withstand the forces and pressures applied during bending. The shaft must be durable and strong enough to maintain its position and alignment even when subjected to high stress and vibration. In addition, the shaft must be designed to provide smooth and accurate movement in order to make precise adjustments to the position of the bending material. The back gauge determines the bending accuracy of the workpiece. The more complex the workpiece, the more axes the back gauge needs. There are up to 6 shafts on the rear gauge, and these shafts will have different variants. Each shaft has a separate drive motor to ensure positioning accuracy.
1.X-axis: horizontal back gauge motion
The X-axis manages the horizontal movement of the rear gauge, positioning the metal workpiece precisely under the ram. By moving horizontally, the X-axis ensures the correct alignment of each bend. The X-axis is a very important axis in the bending process, which determines the length of the workpiece flange.
When the metal plate is pushed to the rear gauge, the stop finger on the X-axis will position the metal plate. The movement width of the X axis on the press brake is fixed, but it can be divided into X1 axis and X2 axis.
The X1 and X2 axes make the stop finger of the rear gauge move back and forth independently on the left and right sides. The X axis controls the forward and backward movement of the rear gauge. This axis is essential for precise positioning and repeatability.
As long as the sheet metal enters the rear gauge, the stop finger can accurately position the plate. X1 is the front and back moving axis of the left stop finger, X2 is the front and back moving axis of the right stop finger. The X1 and X2 axes measure the length of the flange of the workpiece being formed.
X1: left stop finger back and forth moving axis
X2: right stop finger back and forth moving axis
2.R-axis: Vertical Backgauge Finger Movement
The R-axis controls the vertical movement of the rear gauge and is essential to adjust its height to accommodate different flange heights and material thicknesses. The R-axis height can be automatically adjusted according to the mold height.
The R axis is divided into R1 and R2. The two axes can move up and down independently on the left and right sides. Depending on the complexity of the part, the two axes can be positioned at different distances. The R-axis can also position bending flanges that move under the bending plane.
R1: left stop finger up and down moving axis
R2: right stop finger up and down moving axis
3.Z-axis: Lateral Backgauge Movement
The z axis controls the lateral movement of the back gauge fingers, allowing independent positioning of the back gauge fingers. The Z-axis is useful when bending a workpiece requires multiple bending steps and cycles or when dealing with large or complex parts. The Z1 and Z2 axes can be programmed to be positioned independently.
Z-axis positioning can improve the bending accuracy and efficiency. Z-axis positioning provides uniform support for longer curved metal plates. The movement of the Z axis determines the horizontal position of the rear gauge to adapt to the width and horizontal position requirements of different workpieces.
Z1: left stop finger left and right moving axis
Z2: right stop finger left and right moving axis
七,Configuration and Selection
1.Main configuration
The configuration of the press brake shaft mainly includes the following parts:
Y1, Y2 axis: control the slider running up and down.
V axis: control the deflection compensation of the machine tool.
X, R, Z1, Z2: all are rear positioning system control axes, control rear stop material setting position.
T1, T2 axis: supporting shaft. When bending, the supporting plate and the machined plate support the machined plate .
2.Selecting the appropriate axis
Factors to consider when choosing the right press brake axis
Processing requirements: according to the type of processing materials (such as stainless steel, aluminum, carbon steel, etc.) and thickness, select the appropriate press brake shaft.
workpiece size and bending Angle: according to the maximum length, width and bending Angle of the workpiece to choose the right machine.
bending accuracy: the workpiece requiring high precision needs to choose a press brake shaft with higher precision.
machine type: Choose the mainstream hydraulic press brake or servo press brake, according to the specific needs to decide. Servo press brake has the advantages of high precision, energy saving and high efficiency, while hydraulic press brake is suitable for mass production and thick plate processing .
3.Balance cost and capability
Although additional axes enhance the functionality and accuracy of CNC pressure mechanism actuators, they also increase the cost of the machine, and balancing budget and operational requirements is important.
Basic configuration: Suitable for simple bending tasks and smaller budgets. The three-axis setting (Y1/Y2, X, R) provides a good balance between functionality and cost.
Medium configuration: Ideal for moderate complexity and precision requirements. Adding the Z1/Z2 axis to the basic setup provides greater flexibility without significantly increasing costs.
Advanced configuration: necessary for high-precision and complex bending operations. Integrating Delta X and crown compensation (V-axis) into the setup can ensure top-level performance, but at a higher cost.
In summary, the number of axes of the pressure mechanism actuator determines the complexity and accuracy of the workpiece. However, the more shafts there are, the higher the cost of machine procurement. If there are no complex bending requirements, only basic 3-axis or 4-axis compression mechanism actuators are needed. If complex and precise workpieces need to be processed, the more axes there are, the better the bending effect.
八, Conclusion
The importance of the press brake shaft in the bending process cannot be overemphasized. The shaft of the press brake is the central component responsible for accurately and efficiently bending materials such as metal, plastic or wood. The precision and control provided by the press brake shaft is essential to ensure that the final product meets the required specifications and quality standards. Without a well-functioning shaft, the bending process will be susceptible to errors and inconsistencies, resulting in costly rework and delays.
One of the main benefits of having a reliable press brake shaft is the ability to achieve consistent and uniform bending across multiple pieces of material. The shaft controls the positioning and movement of the bending tool, ensuring that every bend is accurate. This level of consistency is critical for industries such as automotive, aerospace and construction, where components must be seamlessly assembled together to create a final product that meets performance and safety requirements. In addition, the press brake shaft plays a vital role in improving the overall efficiency and productivity of the bending operation. By automating the bending process and reducing the need for manual intervention, the shaft helps speed up production and minimize downtime. This not only helps increase production and meet deadlines, but also allows manufacturers to save on labor costs and resources. In today's fast-paced and competitive market, having a reliable press brake shaft is critical to staying agile and responding to changing customer needs.
GENUO is a professional press brake manufacturer. Our product experts can help you select the most suitable press brake for your budget. You can also visit our website, if you need to learn more about press brake or buy a machine, you can also consult our sales staff, they can recommend you the best press brake or CNC machine for you.
CNC Press Brake Axis Explained
一,Introduction
CNC press brake is a kind of press brake controlled by computer numerical control system. In the field of manufacturing and industrial processes, CNC press brakes play a vital role in the precision forming and molding of metal workpieces. One of the key components of the CNC press brake is the brake shaft, which is responsible for controlling the bending movement and ensuring the accuracy of the bending process. The bending accuracy and bending amount are related to synchronous system, hydraulic system and back gauge. The function of these components is affected by the number of brake shafts of the CNC press. In this article, we will combine the selection and configuration of these shafts, introduce how to operate CNC press brakes more effectively, and explore the importance of brake shafts and rear stoppers in CNC press brakes.
二,What Are the Axes on the Press Brake?
CNC press brake is a kind of mechanical equipment widely used in the field of metal processing, it can complete the bending of metal sheet by controlling the movement of each axis. These shafts are crucial components in CNC press brakes, and their number and function also affect the performance and processing effect of the machine.
CNC press brakes usually include multiple axes such as Y axis, X axis, R axis and Z axis, which are each responsible for different actions and functions. Among them, the Y axis mainly controls the up and down stroke, the X axis is responsible for controlling the left and right movement, the R axis is used to control the depth of the mold, and the Z axis is used to control the translation of the mold. The coordinated movement of these axes enables the precise bending of the sheet metal to meet the machining needs of different shapes and sizes.
The shaft of the CNC press brake also has the characteristics of high precision and high speed, which can effectively improve processing efficiency and product quality. By precisely controlling the movement distance and speed of each axis, the precise positioning and bending of the metal sheet can be achieved to avoid bad processing and waste caused by errors. At the same time, the high-speed axis movement can also speed up the production rhythm and improve production efficiency.
The shaft of the CNC press brake is also flexible and programmable, and can be adjusted and optimized according to the processing needs. The operator can set and adjust the motion parameters of each shaft through the numerical control system to achieve bending processing of different shapes and angles. This flexibility and programmability allows CNC press brakes to be adapted to different machining tasks, enabling customized production and efficient machining.
In general, the shaft of the CNC press brake is one of its core components, which directly affects the performance and processing effect of the machine. Understanding the function and characteristics of the shaft of the CNC press brake is helpful to improve the processing quality and production efficiency, and achieve innovation and development in the field of metal processing.
三,What Is Back Gauge on the Press Brake?
The back stop of CNC press brakes plays a crucial role in the accuracy and efficiency of metal bending operations. As an important part of the machine, the back stop is responsible for accurately and consistently positioning the workpiece, ensuring that each bend meets the required specifications.
The back stop of a CNC press brake is a movable device used to position the workpiece for bending. It consists of a series of fingers or stops that can be adjusted to suit different workpiece sizes and bending angles. The rear stopper is controlled by a CNC system, enabling accurate and repeatable positioning of the workpiece. By precisely positioning the workpiece, the rear stopper ensures that each bend is made at the desired position and Angle, resulting in a high-quality finished part.
Modern CNC press brakes are equipped with an advanced rear stop system that offers a range of features to increase productivity and accuracy. These features may include automatic tool changing, anti-collision sensors and programmable positioning. Some backstops are equipped with multi-axis controls that allow for complex bending sequences and forming operations. In addition, advanced rear stop systems may have built-in measuring equipment to monitor and adjust the bending Angle in real time, ensuring accurate and consistent results.
The back stop is a key component of CNC press brakes because it directly affects the accuracy, efficiency and quality of metal bending operations. By precisely positioning the workpiece, the rear stopper ensures that each bend is made at the correct position and Angle, reducing the risk of errors and rework. This increases productivity and saves costs for metal manufacturing companies. In addition, the rear stopper allows for easy programming and execution of complex bending sequences, allowing for the production of a wider range of parts with high precision.
四,Relationship Between Back Gauge and Axis
The brake back gauge of the press is closely related to the brake shaft of the press, which ensures the accuracy and precision of the bending operation. The brake shaft of the press refers to the different movement axes inside the brake of the press, such as the X axis, Y axis, Z axis and R axis. These axes control the position of the bending knife and the movement of the sheet during bending. On the other hand, the position and height of the rear gauge can be controlled by adjusting the dynamic shaft of the pressure mechanism. By controlling the position of Y axis and X axis, the rear gauge is aligned with the piece, so as to ensure the accuracy and consistency of bending. At present, the back gauge and press brake are usually integrated controlled by numerical control system. This integration allows for automatic positioning and precise control between the press brake shaft and rear gauge, enabling an efficient and precise bending process.
五, Main Groups of Controlled Axis
The press brake control shaft is one of the key components, which is mainly responsible for controlling the operation of the machine and the bending of the metal sheet. The control shaft is usually composed of several parts, including motion controllers, encoders, motors and sensors. These components work together to ensure the normal operation of the machine and the bending of the sheet metal according to the preset parameters.
The motion controller is the core component of the control shaft and is responsible for controlling the movement and position of the machine. It can receive the instructions input by the user and convert them into the corresponding electrical signals to drive the motor to make the machine run. Encoders are used to detect the actual position of the control shaft to ensure that the sheet metal can be bent accurately. The motor acts as the power source of the control shaft, providing the necessary power to drive the entire machine. Sensors are used to monitor the position and shape of the sheet metal to ensure the accuracy and stability of the bending process.
六,Axes on the Back Gauge
The shaft on the back block of the press brake is an essential component and plays a vital role in the accuracy and precision of the bending process. This shaft is responsible for securing and positioning the bent material in place, ensuring that the desired Angle and dimensions are achieved. If there is no working shaft on the back stop, the material may not hold firmly in place during bending, resulting in an inaccurate and inconsistent end product.
The design and structure of the shaft on the back block of the press brake must be carefully designed to withstand the forces and pressures applied during bending. The shaft must be durable and strong enough to maintain its position and alignment even when subjected to high stress and vibration. In addition, the shaft must be designed to provide smooth and accurate movement in order to make precise adjustments to the position of the bending material. The back gauge determines the bending accuracy of the workpiece. The more complex the workpiece, the more axes the back gauge needs. There are up to 6 shafts on the rear gauge, and these shafts will have different variants. Each shaft has a separate drive motor to ensure positioning accuracy.
1.X-axis: horizontal back gauge motion
The X-axis manages the horizontal movement of the rear gauge, positioning the metal workpiece precisely under the ram. By moving horizontally, the X-axis ensures the correct alignment of each bend. The X-axis is a very important axis in the bending process, which determines the length of the workpiece flange.
When the metal plate is pushed to the rear gauge, the stop finger on the X-axis will position the metal plate. The movement width of the X axis on the press brake is fixed, but it can be divided into X1 axis and X2 axis.
The X1 and X2 axes make the stop finger of the rear gauge move back and forth independently on the left and right sides. The X axis controls the forward and backward movement of the rear gauge. This axis is essential for precise positioning and repeatability.
As long as the sheet metal enters the rear gauge, the stop finger can accurately position the plate. X1 is the front and back moving axis of the left stop finger, X2 is the front and back moving axis of the right stop finger. The X1 and X2 axes measure the length of the flange of the workpiece being formed.
X1: left stop finger back and forth moving axis
X2: right stop finger back and forth moving axis
2.R-axis: Vertical Backgauge Finger Movement
The R-axis controls the vertical movement of the rear gauge and is essential to adjust its height to accommodate different flange heights and material thicknesses. The R-axis height can be automatically adjusted according to the mold height.
The R axis is divided into R1 and R2. The two axes can move up and down independently on the left and right sides. Depending on the complexity of the part, the two axes can be positioned at different distances. The R-axis can also position bending flanges that move under the bending plane.
R1: left stop finger up and down moving axis
R2: right stop finger up and down moving axis
3.Z-axis: Lateral Backgauge Movement
The z axis controls the lateral movement of the back gauge fingers, allowing independent positioning of the back gauge fingers. The Z-axis is useful when bending a workpiece requires multiple bending steps and cycles or when dealing with large or complex parts. The Z1 and Z2 axes can be programmed to be positioned independently.
Z-axis positioning can improve the bending accuracy and efficiency. Z-axis positioning provides uniform support for longer curved metal plates. The movement of the Z axis determines the horizontal position of the rear gauge to adapt to the width and horizontal position requirements of different workpieces.
Z1: left stop finger left and right moving axis
Z2: right stop finger left and right moving axis
七,Configuration and Selection
1.Main configuration
The configuration of the press brake shaft mainly includes the following parts:
Y1, Y2 axis: control the slider running up and down.
V axis: control the deflection compensation of the machine tool.
X, R, Z1, Z2: all are rear positioning system control axes, control rear stop material setting position.
T1, T2 axis: supporting shaft. When bending, the supporting plate and the machined plate support the machined plate .
2.Selecting the appropriate axis
Factors to consider when choosing the right press brake axis
Processing requirements: according to the type of processing materials (such as stainless steel, aluminum, carbon steel, etc.) and thickness, select the appropriate press brake shaft.
workpiece size and bending Angle: according to the maximum length, width and bending Angle of the workpiece to choose the right machine.
bending accuracy: the workpiece requiring high precision needs to choose a press brake shaft with higher precision.
machine type: Choose the mainstream hydraulic press brake or servo press brake, according to the specific needs to decide. Servo press brake has the advantages of high precision, energy saving and high efficiency, while hydraulic press brake is suitable for mass production and thick plate processing .
3.Balance cost and capability
Although additional axes enhance the functionality and accuracy of CNC pressure mechanism actuators, they also increase the cost of the machine, and balancing budget and operational requirements is important.
Basic configuration: Suitable for simple bending tasks and smaller budgets. The three-axis setting (Y1/Y2, X, R) provides a good balance between functionality and cost.
Medium configuration: Ideal for moderate complexity and precision requirements. Adding the Z1/Z2 axis to the basic setup provides greater flexibility without significantly increasing costs.
Advanced configuration: necessary for high-precision and complex bending operations. Integrating Delta X and crown compensation (V-axis) into the setup can ensure top-level performance, but at a higher cost.
In summary, the number of axes of the pressure mechanism actuator determines the complexity and accuracy of the workpiece. However, the more shafts there are, the higher the cost of machine procurement. If there are no complex bending requirements, only basic 3-axis or 4-axis compression mechanism actuators are needed. If complex and precise workpieces need to be processed, the more axes there are, the better the bending effect.
八, Conclusion
The importance of the press brake shaft in the bending process cannot be overemphasized. The shaft of the press brake is the central component responsible for accurately and efficiently bending materials such as metal, plastic or wood. The precision and control provided by the press brake shaft is essential to ensure that the final product meets the required specifications and quality standards. Without a well-functioning shaft, the bending process will be susceptible to errors and inconsistencies, resulting in costly rework and delays.
One of the main benefits of having a reliable press brake shaft is the ability to achieve consistent and uniform bending across multiple pieces of material. The shaft controls the positioning and movement of the bending tool, ensuring that every bend is accurate. This level of consistency is critical for industries such as automotive, aerospace and construction, where components must be seamlessly assembled together to create a final product that meets performance and safety requirements. In addition, the press brake shaft plays a vital role in improving the overall efficiency and productivity of the bending operation. By automating the bending process and reducing the need for manual intervention, the shaft helps speed up production and minimize downtime. This not only helps increase production and meet deadlines, but also allows manufacturers to save on labor costs and resources. In today's fast-paced and competitive market, having a reliable press brake shaft is critical to staying agile and responding to changing customer needs.
GENUO is a professional press brake manufacturer. Our product experts can help you select the most suitable press brake for your budget. You can also visit our website, if you need to learn more about press brake or buy a machine, you can also consult our sales staff, they can recommend you the best press brake or CNC machine for you.
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